database views
help views
inner join
joins
maintainence view
outer join
projection views
SAP ABAP views
types of views
SAP ABAP Views
VIEWS
· A View is collection of fields from multiple Tables.
· Views doesn't store any data.
· Whenever a view is executed, it displays the data by selecting from multiple Tables.
· To create a view , we must join the tables.
· To join the tables there must be at least one common key field.
JOIN:
· It is a concept to link two (or) multiple tables for displaying the data.
· There are two types joins.
1. Inner Join.
2. Outer Join (or) Left Outer Join.
INNER JOIN:
· In this type of join, only the matching record b/w two (or) multiple tables will be selected.
· The unmatched records will not be selected.
OUTER JOIN:
· In this type of join , all the records from left table(1st table) will be displayed.
· If there is a matching record in the 2nd (or) 3rd table the data will be displayed.
· If there is no matching record, the data will be displayed as blank values.
Types of Views:
· There are 4 types views.
1. DATABASE View
2. PROJECTION View.
3. HELP View.
4. MAINTENANCE View.
1. DATABASE VIEW:
· A view created on two (or) more tables by clubbing the fields using inner join is called " DATABASE VIEW".
· In this View, we can only read the data.
· we cannot do any maintenance operation.
· Since , database view uses inner join , it selects only the matching records b/w the tables.
Steps to create DB View:
Business Req: Develop a DB View on MARA , MAKT tables to displays MATNR, MTART,
MBRSH , MEINS , SPRAS , MAKTX.
Steps:
· Go to SE11.
· Select View and give the name as: ZDBVIEW1
· Click on Create button.
· Select the DATABASE VIEW as below and click copy button.
· Go to Tables/Joins Conditions.
· Provide Table names along with JOIN condition as below.
· Now Click on View Flds Tab.
· Now Click on Table Fields Button.
· Now Double Click On MARA table, select the fields MATNR, MTART, MBRSH, MEINS and click on COPY Button.
· Similarly, Double Click on MAKT table, select the fields SPRAS, MAKTX.
· Now Go to Selection Condition Tab, provide the condition as below.
· Save , Check and Activate.
· Now Click on Content icon.
· Now Click on Execute button.
2. PROJECTION VIEW:
· A view is created on single table is called "PROECTION VIEW".
· The main advantage of using Projection View is, we can project only required (or) limited fields by filtering the unwanted fields.
· We can read and maintain the data , since the view is created on single table.
· From database point of view, Projection views improves the system performance. Bcoz we have minimize the fields.
Business Req: Develop a Projection View on MARA table to display only MATNR, MTART, MBRSH, MEINS.
Steps:
· Go to SE11.
· Select View and give the name as ZPROJVIEW1 and click on CREATE button.
· Select the PROJECTION VIEW and click on copy button as below.
· Provide the short Description.
· Give the table names as below and click on Table Fields Button , select the fields as below.
· Click on Maintenance Status Tab.
· Select "Read and Change " Radio Button.
· Save , Check and Activate.
· Click on Contents Icon
· Click on Execute , data will be displayed.
3. HELP VIEW:
· A view created on two (or) more tables for "Search-helps" is called "Help-View".
· Help View uses outer Join Concept.
· Here also , we can only read the data, but we can't maintain the data.
· we can not execute Help views directly, bcoz they are designed specially for "Search-Helps".
STEPS:
· Go to SE11.
· Select View and give the name as ZHELPVIEW1 and click on CREATE button.
· Select the HELP VIEW and click on copy button as below.
· Provide the short description.
· Give the Table as MARA and Press enter.
· Now, Click on Relationship Button and select as below screen and click on copy button.
· Join Condition automatically proposed by system as below.
· Go to ViewFlds Tab.
· Now, Click on Table Fields button and select MARA ,click on Choose button and select the Fields and click on copy button.
· Similarly, select MAKT Table and select required fields as below.
· Go to Selection Conditions Tab.
· Now, Give the condition as below.
· Click on Save, Check and Activate.
3. MAINTENANCE VIEW:
· A View created on two (or) More tables using inner join is called as "Maintenance View".
· In this view, we can read the data and maintain the data.
· Maintenance View should not be created on standard tables. Bcoz, the data inconsistency problem will come when we change the records.
· Maintenance View should be created on custom tables (Z/Y tables).
STEPS:
· Go to SE11.
· Select View and give the name as ZMAINVIEW1 and click on CREATE button.
· Select the MAINTENACE VIEW and click on copy button as below.
· Provide the short description.
· Give the Table as MARA and Press enter.
· Now, Click on Relationship Button and select as below screen and click on copy button.
· Join Condition automatically proposed by system as below.
· Go to ViewFlds Tab.
· Now, Click on Table Fields button and select MARA ,click on Choose button and select the Fields and click on copy button.
· Similarly, select MAKT Table and select required fields as below.
· Go to Selection Conditions Tab and provide the condition as below.
· Go to Maint.Status Tab and select as showned below.
· Click on Save , Check and Activate.
· Click on Utilities--> Table Maintenance Generator.
· Provide details as below.
Note: Provide Active function Group Name.
· Click on Create button.
· Click on Save.
· Go to SM30.
· Provide the view name.
· click on maintain button.
·