SAP ABAP Views

VIEWS

·         A View is collection of  fields from multiple Tables.

·         Views doesn't store any data.

·         Whenever a view is executed, it displays the data by selecting from multiple Tables.

·         To create a view , we must join the tables.

·         To join the tables there must be at least one common key field.

JOIN:

·         It  is a concept  to link  two (or) multiple tables  for displaying  the data.

·         There are two types  joins. 

                  1.  Inner Join.

                  2.  Outer Join (or) Left Outer Join.

INNER JOIN:

·         In  this  type of join, only the matching record b/w two (or) multiple tables will be selected.

·         The unmatched records will not be selected.

OUTER JOIN:

·         In this type of join , all the records from left table(1st table) will be displayed.

·         If there is a matching record in the 2nd (or) 3rd table the data will be displayed.

·         If there is no matching  record, the data will be displayed as blank values.

Types of Views:

·         There are 4 types views.

1. DATABASE View

2. PROJECTION  View.

3. HELP View.

4. MAINTENANCE View.

1. DATABASE VIEW:

·         A  view created on  two (or) more tables by clubbing the fields using inner join is called " DATABASE VIEW".

·         In this View, we can only read the data.

·         we cannot do any maintenance operation.

·         Since , database view uses inner join , it selects only the matching records b/w the tables.

Steps to create DB View:

Business Req:  Develop a DB View on  MARA , MAKT  tables to displays MATNR, MTART,

MBRSH , MEINS , SPRAS , MAKTX.

Steps:

·         Go to SE11.

·         Select   View and give the name as:  ZDBVIEW1

·         Click on Create button.

·         Select  the DATABASE  VIEW as below and click copy button.

·         Go to Tables/Joins Conditions.

·         Provide Table names along with JOIN condition as below.

·         Now Click on View Flds Tab.

·         Now Click on Table Fields Button.

·         Now Double Click On MARA table, select the fields MATNR, MTART, MBRSH, MEINS and click on  COPY Button.

·         Similarly, Double Click on  MAKT table, select the fields  SPRAS, MAKTX.

·         Now Go to Selection Condition Tab, provide the condition as below.

·         Save , Check and Activate.

·         Now Click on Content icon.

·         Now Click on Execute button.

2. PROJECTION VIEW:

·         A view is created on single table is called "PROECTION VIEW".

·         The main advantage of using Projection View is, we can project only required (or) limited fields by filtering the unwanted fields.

·         We can read and maintain the data , since the view is created on single table.

·         From  database point of view, Projection views improves the system performance. Bcoz  we have minimize the fields.

Business Req:  Develop a Projection View on MARA table to display only  MATNR, MTART, MBRSH, MEINS.

Steps:

·         Go to SE11.

·         Select View and give the name as ZPROJVIEW1 and click on CREATE button.

·         Select the PROJECTION VIEW and click on copy button as below.

·         Provide the short Description.

·         Give the table names as below and click on Table Fields Button , select the fields as below.

·         Click on Maintenance Status Tab.

·         Select  "Read and Change " Radio Button.

·         Save , Check and Activate.

·         Click on Contents Icon

·         Click on Execute , data will be displayed.

3. HELP  VIEW:

·         A view created on two (or) more tables for "Search-helps" is called "Help-View".

·         Help View uses outer Join Concept.

·         Here also , we can only read the data, but we can't maintain the data.

·         we can not execute Help views directly, bcoz they are designed  specially for "Search-Helps".

STEPS:

·         Go to SE11.

·         Select View and give the name as ZHELPVIEW1 and click on CREATE button.

·         Select the HELP VIEW and click on copy button as below.

·         Provide the short description.

·         Give the Table as MARA and Press enter.

·         Now, Click on Relationship Button and select as below screen and click on copy button.

·         Join Condition automatically proposed by system as below.

·         Go to  ViewFlds Tab.

·         Now, Click on Table Fields button and select MARA ,click on Choose button and select the Fields and click on copy button.

·         Similarly, select MAKT Table and select required fields as below.

·         Go to Selection Conditions Tab.

·         Now, Give the condition as below.

·         Click on Save, Check and Activate.

3. MAINTENANCE  VIEW:

·         A View created on two (or) More tables using inner join is called as "Maintenance View".

·         In this view, we can read the data and maintain the data.

·         Maintenance View should not be created on standard tables. Bcoz, the data inconsistency problem will come when we change the records.

·          Maintenance View should be created on custom tables (Z/Y tables).

STEPS:

·         Go to SE11.

·         Select View and give the name as ZMAINVIEW1 and click on CREATE button.

·         Select the MAINTENACE VIEW and click on copy button as below.

·         Provide the short description.

·         Give the Table as MARA and Press enter.

·         Now, Click on Relationship Button and select as below screen and click on copy button.

·         Join Condition automatically proposed by system as below.

·         Go to ViewFlds Tab.

·         Now, Click on Table Fields button and select MARA ,click on Choose button and select the Fields and click on copy button.

·         Similarly, select MAKT Table and select required fields as below.

·         Go to Selection Conditions Tab and provide the condition as below.

·         Go to Maint.Status Tab and select as showned below.

·         Click on Save , Check and Activate.

·         Click on Utilities--> Table Maintenance Generator.

·         Provide details as below.

Note:  Provide Active function Group Name.

·         Click on Create button.

·         Click on Save.

·         Go to SM30.

·         Provide the view name.

·         click on maintain button.

·          

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