Introduction
What
is ERP:
E:
Enterprise / Company Ex: Reddy Labs, Reliance, GE, GM, BMW
R:
Resources
Man
|
->
|
employee
|
Machines
|
->
|
plants/manufacturing
units
|
Materials
|
->
|
items/products
(raw, semi finished, finished)
|
Money
|
->
|
finance
(profit/loss)
|
P: Planning
(effective plans for maximum profits with minimum resources)
ERP Software:
A
Software which is used to maintain and plan all the business activities of a
company/enterprise is called ERP software.
The business
activities are :
• How
many customers/vendors/materials
• How
many sales orders/delivery orders/invoice
• How
much profits/loss
• How
many employees/leaves/provident funds/income tax
• How
many plants/stock available/stock damaged etc.
The various ERP software's are :
People
Soft
• Used
by small companies
• Supports
less number of business applications/scenarios/programs
• Supports
less number of business modules
• Less
cost software
• Very
good at HR module
Oracle :
• Used
by medium sized companies
• Supports
limited number of business applications
• Supports
limited number of business modules
• High
cost software
• Very
good at finance (FI) module
SAP
SAP : It
stands for Systems , Applications and Products in Data Processing
• It
is an ERP software which is used by medium sized as well as top MNC’s
• SAP
supports every business scenario/application commonly used in business
• SAP
supports almost every Business module in the business (around 45+
modules.
• Very
high cost software
• It
is excellent at integration between all the SAP modules
• Various
Technical products are available from SAP like,BW/BI/BO, XI/PI , WebDynpro
Abap/Java, EP, NWBC etc.
• So,
SAP does n’t depend on any other Non SAP module
• We
can’t do any black business in SAP (i.e., the information is stored in a
secured way where you can’t do any black business)
History Of
SAP
• In
1972, five IBM employees started a company by name SAP AG
• Their
objective was to develop a business software or ERP software
• In 1980
the company released the first ERP software by name SAP R/2, where R stands for
real time and 2 stands for two tier architecture
• In
1990 the company released advanced version of SAP R/2 by name SAP R/3, where 3
stands for three tier architecture
Even
today also we are using SAP R/3
What
is ABAP
Abap stands
for ADVANCED BUSINESS APPLICATION PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE
It is a 4th
generation language, That is why it is written as ABAP/4.
The entire
ERP software is developed by using a single programming language which is
called as ABAP. Once we have a good knowledge on ABAP, we can work on any SAP
module.
We have
various business modules in SAP. Some of them are :
SD
|
:
|
sales and
distribution
|
MM
|
:
|
material
management
|
FI
|
:
|
finance
|
CO
|
:
|
controlling
|
HR
|
:
|
human
resources
|
CRM
|
:
|
customer
relation management
|
SRM
|
:
|
supply
relation management
|
SCM
|
:
|
Supply
chain management
|
APO
|
:
|
Advanced
Planner and Optimizer
|
SAP
Consultants
Functional
Consultants: A
consultant who is responsible for configuring the real time business scenarios
like how many plants, sales organizations, materials etc in SAP software is
called as functional consultants.
ABAP
Consultants: A
consultant who is responsible for developing new programs, screens, tables and
customizing standard SAP programs is called as ABAP consultants.
BASIS
Consultants: A
consultant responsible for installing the SAP software, configuring the
servers, controlling network traffic, creating usernames and passwords etc are
called as BASIS consultants.
Roles and
responsibilities of ABAP consultants:
Receiving
a ticket/Bug in the form of Functional specification document from TL
Analyze
the business requirement as per the given Functional spec
Estimate
the number of hours for business requirement
Develop the
object
Perform
unit testing
Release the
developed object to testing server
Prepare
Technical Specification document for object .
Normally,
every project in real time will consists of three servers
1) Development
Server: A server
where all the SAP consultants will be developing the real time objects for a
business requirement is called development server. Once the development is
finished, we should do a sample testing called as unit testing.
2) Quality
Server: A server
where all the functional consultants or testing consultants will be testing the
developed objects is called a testing server. It is also called as quality
server.
3) Production
Server: A server
where all the developed objects will be used in the live business market to
maintain the business is called production server. It contains the live
business data of customers.
Note: As an
ABAP consultant, we will be working only at development sever, not the quality
and production severs. ABAP consultants with more than 4 or 5 years of
experience will have the access to quality sever but not production server.
Sand Box
Sever:
It is a
server where we do our R&D work is called a sand box sever. Everybody will
have access to the sand box server.
SAP R/3
Architecture
In software
engineering there are 3 architectures
• Single
tier architecture
• Two
tier architecture
• Three
tier architecture
Single
tier architecture: A system which is responsible for loading the program,
compiling, interpreting, executing as well as storing the data in the same
system is called single tier architecture. In simple words a system responsible
for front end and back end operations is called single tier architecture.
Ex: All ‘C’ language programs in olden
days are written using single tier architecture.
Two tier architecture: In this architecture we have two
layers, server layer and client layer.
2. a.
Sever layer: In this
layer we have a single system with very high configuration called as server.
This sever is responsible for executing the programs as well as storing the
data.
2. b.
Client layer: In
this later we have multiple systems which are connected to a server. All the
business users will be operating from client systems. The server will receive
the request from the client system and gives back the response (i.e. result).
Ex: SAP R/2, Oracle
Disadvantages of two tier architecture:
• As
the number of client systems increases the load on the database server will
increase and the response time will be delayed
• Since the
response time is delayed the output will be very slow on the client system
which is very big disadvantage
• To
overcome this problem we have a new architecture called as three tier
architecture
•
Three tier architecture: In this architecture we have three layers, they
are database server layer, application server layer and presentation sever
layer.
Ex: SAP R/3 architecture.
3. a.
Database server layer: A server which is responsible only for storing the
data is
called database server layer.
3.
b. Application sever layer: A server which is responsible for only
executing the applications or programs is called application sever layer.
3. c.
Presentation server layer: A server which is responsible for just presenting the output and taking
the input is called as presentation sever layer.
Login to SAP
• Double
click on SAP GUI or SAP LOGON icon
• Select
development server name (ECC6)
• Click
on LOGON
• Provide
username: SAPUSER password: INDIA123
• Press
enter
• SAP
EASY ACCESS screen is displayed
Transaction
Code: It is a unique
code or shortcut code to execute a specific program and its corresponding
screen.
Example:
SE11:
Displays ABAP dictionary
SE38:
Displays ABAP editor
SE37:
Displays ABAP function builder
SE21:
Displays ABAP package builder
SE80:
Displays ABAP development work bench …. Etc.
Naming
conventions:
These objects
will starts with any character
|
The
objects must start with either Y or Z.
|
Except Y
and Z.
|
|
|
|
These
objects can’t be modified directly.
|
These
objects can be changed however we want.
|
|
|
PACKAGE:
·
It is a container of
developed objects
·
Each project contains a
single package per module
·
Packages are created by
BASIS consultants or team leads when the project is started
·
All our objects must be
stored in the package only
·
SE21 is the TCODE for
creating a package
Steps to
create a package:
• Go
SE21
• Give
the package name ZARJUN
• Click
on create, provide short description
•
Click on create or save, Press enter 2 times
•
Click on save, a package is created
Transport
Request Number: A
number which is used to transport an object from one server to another server
within system landscape is called transport request number.
ECCK is the
name of development server
SEO9 is the
TCODE for releasing TR
Developing/Creating
an ABAP Program
Steps to
create a program:
• Go
to SE38,
• Give
the program name ‘zsample’
• Click
on create, provide description or Title
• Select
type = ‘EXECUTABLE’
• Click
on save
• Provide
the package name and press enter
• Click
on create request icon
• Provide
short description and press enter
• A
transport request number will be generated, just press enter
• The
ABAP editor is opened
• Click
on save and activate
Introduction
to WRITE statement
WRITE: It is the statement which is used to
print a text on the output screen.
It is
similar to PRINTF in ‘C’ language
Ex:
Write ‘hello world’.
‘:’ Chain Operator: It is a
statement which is used to display multiple texts which are separated by commas
using a single write statement.
Report
zsample.
Write
‘hello world’.
Write
‘welcome to sap abap’
Write
/ ‘igrow soft’.
Write
: / ‘cno’, ‘cname’, ‘city’.
Write
: / 3 ‘cno’, 15 ‘cname’, 25 ‘city’.
Write: /
25(25)
|
‘ABAP BY
Sanjo’
|
left-justified
color 1. (Displays background color)
|
Write: /
25(25 )
|
‘ABAP BY
Sanjo’ centered color 2.
|
Write: /
25(25 )
|
‘ABAP BY
Sanjo’ right-justified color 3.
|
Write: /
25(25)
|
‘ABAP BY
Sanjo’
|
right-justified
color 6 inverse. (Displays font color)
|
System
Variables:
•
A variable which is defined by the system is called a system variable
• All
system variables are automatically assigned with some values
• All
system variables will start with ‘SY’ or ‘SYST’
•
All system variables are stored in SYST structure
Ex:
Write
/ sy-uline. (Displays horizontal line across the page width)
Write
/ 25 sy-vline. (Displays Vertical line of height 1 line)
Write
/ sy-datum. (Displays system’s date as per date settings in SU3 Tcode) Write /
sy-uzeit. (Displays system’s time)
Write
/ sy-uname. (Displays system’s user name) Write / sy-repid. (Displays report
name)
That's
it!!!! Hope You Enjoyed!!!
2 comments
Click here for commentsThanks for this post!
Reply
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